Association of a history of epilepsy with Alzheimer disease biomarker status Lead Investigator: Ophir Keret Institution : University of California San Francisco E-Mail : ophir.keret@gbhi.org Proposal ID : 1339 Proposal Description: Epilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological disorder and affects 65 million people worldwide. Individuals with a history of epilepsy (any age, etiology) have been previously shown to have an increased risk for dementia (Breteler, 1996). It is currently unclear what type of neuropathology is associated with dementia that develops after epilepsy. Experiments in mouse model of familial AD have suggested that this risk is associated with amyloid deposition preceding the development of cognitive symptoms, however, no literature exists in humans. We plan to evaluate Alzheimer's disease biomarker positivity in individuals with early-stage dementia, a positive history of epilepsy and no history of stroke/TBI per history and MRI. The long term impact of our proposed project is the implementation of prevention intervention strategies in patients with epilepsy ( a prospective study). Aim 1: Compare the symptoms, signs and suspected etiologic diagnosis in patients with early-stage dementia who have a history of epilepsy or will develop epilepsy in follow up, and those without. We suspect patients with previous or incident epilepsy will present a higher prevalence of early mood disturbances, abnormal neurological and neuropsychological testing. (Cross-sectional) Aim 2: Compare the rate of cognitive and functional decline between patients with early-stage dementia who have a history of epilepsy or will develop epilepsy in follow up, and those without. We suspect highest rate of decline will be observed in patients with epilepsy compared to patients without epilepsy. Aim 3: Compare the rate of brain atrophy on structural MRI in patients with early-stage dementia who have a history of epilepsy or will develop epilepsy, and those without. We suspect patients with epilepsy will have higher r